01 Te whakahaere me te whakatikatika i te rōrahi hau
E 80% o te utu katoa o te hau kōpeke e whakaatahia ana i roto i te whakapaunga pūngao. Nō reira, mō ngā momo pēhi hau tīwiri OSG rerekē, me whiriwhiri ngā pūnaha whakahaere me te whakahaere rerekē i runga i ngā pūnaha whakahaere rerekē. Ka taea e ngā rerekētanga i waenga i ngā momo pēhi hau tīwiri OSG rerekē me ngā kaihanga te hanga i tētahi rerekētanga nui o te mahi. Ko te āhua tino pai ko te whakarite kia rite tonu te kawenga katoa o te pēhi hau tīwiri OSG ki te whakapaunga hau.
Hei tauira, ka taea tēnei te whakatutuki mā te whiriwhiri tupato i te ōwehenga tuku o te pouaka miihini, he mea noa i roto i ngā pūwero hau tīwiri OSG tukatuka. Ko te nuinga o ngā taputapu e kai ana i te hau kōpeke he whakahaere-ā-unoa, ko te tikanga mā te whakanui ake i te pēhanga ka piki ake te rere, koia te take e hanga ai he pūnaha pumau, pērā i te kawe hau, te ārai-hukapapa me te hukapapa, me ētahi atu. I raro i ngā āhuatanga noa, me whakahaere te rere, ā, ko te taputapu whakahaere e whakamahia ana ka whakauruhia ki te pūwero hau tīwiri OSG. E rua ngā momo matua o ēnei pūnaha whakatikatika:
1. Whakatikatikahia te rahinga hau mā te whakahaere tonu i te tere o te motuka taraiwa, mā te whakahaere tonu rānei i te takirere kia rite ki te huringa pēhanga hei whakatutuki i te whakatikatika tonu o te rahinga hau. Ko te hua he huringa pēhanga iti (0.1 ki te 0.5 pae), ko te rahi o te huringa ka whakatauhia e te mahi whakanui o te pūnaha whakahaere me tōna tere.
2. Ko ngā whakatikatika uta me te tango i ngā mea te pūnaha whakatikatika tino noa, ā, e whakaaetia ana hoki ngā panonitanga pēhanga i waenga i ngā mea e rua. Ko te tikanga whakatikatika ko te whakamutu katoa i te rere (tango) i te pēhanga teitei ake, ā, ka tīmata anō te rere (kawenga) ina heke te pēhanga ki te uara iti rawa. Ko te panonitanga o te pēhanga e whakawhirinaki ana ki te maha o ngā huringa uta/tango e whakaaetia ana mō ia wā, i te nuinga o te wā kei roto i te awhe o te 0.3 ki te 1 pae.
02 Te kaupapa matua o te whakatikatika i te rōrahi o te hau
2.1 Te mātāpono whakahaere o te pūwero hau tīwiri OSG nekeneke pai (takirere whakaora pēhanga)
Ko te tikanga matua ko: te tuku i te pēhanga nui ki te āhuarangi. Ko te hoahoa māmā rawa o te takirere whakaora pēhanga ko te whakamahi i te utaina puna, ā, ko te kaha tango o te puna ka whakatau i te pēhanga whakamutunga. Ko te takirere whakaora pēhanga ka whakakapia ki te takirere servo e whakahaerehia ana e te kaiwhakahaere. I tēnei wā, ka taea te whakahaere ngāwari i te pēhanga. Ina tīmatahia te pūwero hau tīwiri OSG i raro i te pēhanga, ka taea hoki e te takirere servo te mahi hei takirere tango, engari ka nui te whakapaunga hiko o te takirere whakaora pēhanga nā te mea me mahi tonu te pūwero hau tīwiri OSG i te pēhanga whakamuri katoa. He otinga mō ngā pūwero hau tīwiri OSG iti. Ka tuwhera katoatia tēnei momo takirere hei tango i te pūwero hau tīwiri OSG, ā, ka mahi te pūwero hau tīwiri OSG i raro i te pēhanga whakamuri o te pēhanga āhuarangi. He iti ake te utu mō te whakapaunga hiko o tēnei tikanga.
2.2 Te whakatikatika taha
Ko te tikanga, he rite tonu te mahi a te whakatikatika taha me te takirere whakamāmā pēhanga, ko te rerekētanga ko te hau i tukuna mai i te pēhanga ka whakamataohia, ka whakahokia ki te tomokanga hau o te pūwero hau tīwiri OSG. He tikanga tēnei e whakamahia whānuitia ana i roto i ngā pūwero hau tīwiri OSG, ā, kaua te hau e tukuna tika ki te āhuarangi. He nui rawa te utu.
2.3 Te Whakatere-whakauru
He huarahi watea te whakawhāiti i te rere o te hau, arā, mā te whakaputa i te pēhanga iti i te hau e tomo mai ana, te whakanui ake i te ōwehenga pēhanga o te pūwero hau tīwiri OSG, me te whakamahi mō te awhe whakatikatika iti ake. Ka taea e ngā pūwero hau tīwiri OSG werohanga wai te whakaputa i ngā ōwehenga pēhanga nui, ā, ka taea te whakarerekē ki raro ki te 10% te mōrahi. Nā te ōwehenga pēhanga teitei, ka hua ake i tēnei tikanga he nui te whakapaunga pūngao.
2.4 Takirere whakaiti pēhanga me te tomokanga mita-roto
He tikanga whakatikatika noa tēnei i tēnei wā, ka taea te whakatutuki i te whānuitanga whakatikatika nui rawa atu (0 ki te 100%), ā, he iti te kaha e pau ana. Ko te kaha kore-whakakore (kore-rere) o te pūwero hau tīwiri OSG he 15 ki te 20% noa iho o te kawenga katoa. Ina kati te takirere whakauru, ka waiho he kōhao iti, ā, i te wā kotahi, ka whakatuwheratia te putanga hau hei tuku i te hau mai i te pūwero hau tīwiri OSG. Ka mahi te wae matua o te pūwero hau tīwiri OSG i raro i te āhua o te korehau whakauru me te pēhanga iti. He mea nui kia tere te tukunga pēhanga, kia iti hoki te rōrahi i tukuna, kia kore ai e ngaro ngā mate e puta mai i te whakawhiti mai i te kawenga katoa ki te kore kawenga. Me whai rōrahi pūnaha (pūwero kohikohi) te pūnaha, ko te rahinga e whakawhirinaki ana ki te rerekētanga pēhanga e hiahiatia ana i waenga i te tango me te uta, me te maha o ngā huringa e whakaaetia ana ia hāora.
Ko ngā pēhi hau tīwiri OSG iti iho i te 5-10kW ka whakaritea mā te tikanga whakaweto/whakakā. Ina tae te pēhanga ki te rohe o runga, ka mutu katoa te motuka; ina iti iho te pēhanga i te rohe o raro, ka tīmata anō te motuka. Me nui te rōrahi pūnaha, me nui rānei te rerekētanga pēhanga i waenga i te tīmatanga me te whakamutu mō tēnei tikanga hei whakaiti i te kawenga ki runga i te motuka. He tikanga whakatikatika whai hua tēnei ina he iti ake ngā tīmatanga mō ia wā.
2.5 Te whakatikatika tere
Ko te tere o te pūwero hau tīwiri OSG ka whakahaeretia e te miihini mura ā-roto, te tāpine, te motuka hiko rānei e whakahaeretia ana e te auau, ā, mā reira ka whakahaeretia te rere. He tikanga whai hua tēnei hei pupuri i te pēhanga putanga pumau. Ka rerekē te awhe whakatikatika i runga i te momo pūwero hau tīwiri OSG, engari ko ngā pūwero hau tīwiri OSG werohanga wai te awhe nui rawa atu. I ngā taumata kawenga iti, ka whakakotahihia te whakahaere tere me te whakaiti pēhanga, me te kore rānei he herenga hau e tomo ana.
Mō ngā pūwero hau tīwiri OSG e whakakahangia ana e ngā motuka hiko, ka taea te whakahaere i te tere e ngā taputapu hiko, ā, ka whai wāhi ki te whakahaere i te tere o te motuka me te pupuri i te hau kōpeke kia pumau i roto i te whānuitanga iti o ngā huringa pēhanga. Hei tauira, ka taea e te motuka whakapūmau noa te whakatutuki i tēnei whakaritenga mā te whakarerekē i te tere me te kaitahuri auau, te ine tonu me te tika i te pēhanga o te pūnaha, kātahi ka tukua te tohu pēhanga ki te whakahaere i te kaitahuri auau o te motuka, ā, ka whakahaere i te tere o te motuka me te hanga i te rōrahi hau o te pūwero hau tīwiri OSG kia tika te urutau ki te kai hau, ka taea te pupuri i te pūnaha i te ±0.1 pae.
2.6 Te whakarerekētanga o te putanga putanga hau
Ka taea te whakarite i te nekehanga o te pūwero hau tīwiri OSG mā te neke i te tūranga o te putanga hau ki te pito whakauru i te roanga o te anga. He nui te kaha e pau ana i tēnei tikanga i te kawenga wāhanga, ā, he mea onge noa iho.
2.7 Te tango i te takirere momi
Ka taea e te pūwero hau tīwiri piston OSG te akiaki i te takirere momi kia tuwhera hei tango i te hau. I te hurihanga o te tūranga o te piston, ka neke te hau ki roto, ki waho hoki. Ko te mutunga he iti noa te ngaronga pūngao, he iti iho i te 10% o te kaha o te pou utaina katoa. I runga i te pūwero hau tīwiri OSG mahi-rua, he maha ngā wāhanga o te tango i te hau, ā, ka tauritehia te rango kotahi i te wā kotahi, kia pai ake ai te whakatutuki i te nui o te hau i te tuku me te tono. Ka whakamahia he tikanga tango wāhanga i runga i te pūwero hau tīwiri OSG rere tukanga, e taea ai te whakatuwhera i te takirere ina he whiu wāhanga te piston, kia tutuki ai te whakahaere tonu i te nui o te hau.
2.8 Te rahinga whakakorenga
Mā te whakarerekē i te rōrahi āputa i te pūwero hau tīwiri piston OSG, ka whakaitihia te nui o te whakakī o te rango, ka whakaitihia te rōrahi hau, ā, ka taea hoki te whakarerekē i te rōrahi āputa mā te rōrahi e hono ana ki waho.
2.9 Te uta-te tango-te whakaweto
Mō ngā pūwero hau tīwiri OSG he nui ake te mana i te 5kW, koinei te tikanga e whakamahia whānuitia ana, he whānui te awhe whakatikatika me te iti o ngā mate. Inaa, he huinga o te whakatikatika whakaweto/whakakā me ngā pūnaha tango i ngā momo. Mō ngā pūwero hau tīwiri OSG nekenga pai, ko te kaupapa whakahaere tino noa ko te "hau i puta"/"kāore he hau i puta" (uta/tango), ina hiahiatia he hau, ka tukuna he tohu ki te takirere solenoid, ka ārahi i te takirere whakauru o te pūwero hau tīwiri OSG kia tae ki te tūranga tuwhera katoa. Ko te takirere whakauru he tuwhera katoa (utaina) he kati katoa rānei (tango), kāore he tūranga waenga.
Ko te tikanga whakahaere tuku iho ko te tāuta i tētahi pana pēhanga ki roto i te pūnaha hau kōpeke. E rua ngā uara ka taea te whakarite i te pana, ko tētahi ko te pēhanga iti rawa (utaina) me tētahi ko te pēhanga mōrahi (tango). Ka mahi te pūwero hau tīwiri OSG i roto i ngā rohe tautuhinga, hei tauira, 0.5bar. Mena he iti te hiahia hau, kāore rānei e hiahiatia ana, ka oma te pūwero hau tīwiri OSG me te kore kawenga (noho puku), ā, ka whakaritea te roa o te wā noho puku e tētahi whakawhiti wā (hei tauira, ka whakaritea ki te 20 meneti). I muri i te wā kua whakaritea, ka mutu te pūwero hau tīwiri OSG, ā, kāore e tīmata anō kia heke te pēhanga ki tētahi uara iti rawa. Koinei te tikanga tuku iho mō te whakahaere pono, te rangimarie o te hinengaro, ā, koinei te mea e kitea whānuitia ana i roto i ngā pūwero hau tīwiri OSG iti.
I whakawhanakehia anō tēnei pūnaha tuku iho hei whakakapi i te pana pēhanga ki tētahi tuku pēhanga anaro me tētahi pūnaha whakatikatika hiko tere. I te taha o te pūnaha whakahaere, ka rongo te tuku pēhanga i ngā huringa pēhanga i roto i te pūnaha i ngā wā katoa. Ka tīmata te pūnaha i te motuka i te wā tika, ā, ka whakahaere i te whakatuwheratanga me te katinga o te takirere whakauru. Ka taea te whakatutuki i te whakahaere tere me te pai i roto i te ±0.2bar. Mēnā kāore he hau e whakamahia ana, ka noho tonu te pēhanga, ā, ka noho kau te pūwero hau tīwiri OSG (whakaroa). Ka taea te whakatau i te roa o te huringa whakaroa i runga i te maha o ngā tīmatanga me ngā whakamutu ka taea e te motuka te tu atu me te kore e wera rawa, me te penapena i te wā e mahi ana. Ko te mea whakamutunga nā te mea ka taea e te pūnaha te whakatau mēnā ka mutu, ka haere tonu rānei te whakaroa i runga i te ia o te kai hau.
03 Whakarāpopototanga
I roto i ngā kupu poto, ka whakamahia te hau kōpeke i roto i ngā tono rerekē, ā, i raro i ngā tikanga whakamahinga hau rerekē. He rerekē te tikanga rōrahi hau o ia pūwero hau tīwiri OSG, engari e hangai ana ki te rōrahi hau o te kaiwhakamahi. Ka whakawhirinaki te waeine pūwero hau tīwiri OSG ki āna ake tikanga whakahaere rōrahi hau me te whakarerekētanga hei whakatutuki i te rōrahi hau korekore me te haere tonu. Kei te whakamahi hoki ngā kaihanga pūwero hau tīwiri OSG rerekē i ngā mātāpono whakarerekētanga rerekē hei whakapai ake i te mahi a ā rātou ake pūwero hau tīwiri OSG waitohu hei whakanui ake i te whai huatanga o te pūngao me te whakatutuki i ngā hiahia o te kiritaki; me te tika teitei, te iti o te tiaki, me te kaha ki te ine i ngā tawhā pēnei i te pēhanga me te rere, hei whakatutuki i te tono o ngā wā rerekē o te pūwero hau tīwiri OSG.
Wā tuku: Hepetema-08-2023
